Oil temperature control apparatus



Sept. 5, 1933. J. HOLLE 1,925,805

OIL TEMPERATURE CONTROL APPARATUS Filed Feb. 29, 1952 2 Slxeecs-SheeI 1 r ATTORNEYS.

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OIL TEMPERATURE CONTROL APPARATUS Filed' Feb, 29, 1952 2 sheets-sheet 2 ..57 r, I JN ENToR.

A TTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 5, 1933 UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE 19 Claims.

This invention relates in general to apparatus for exchanging heat between fluids, and more particularly the invention is directed toward maintaining the oil in a water-cooled internal combustion engine as nearly as possible at the same temperature as the water by transferring heat from the oil to the water and vice versa. The invention is also directed toward utilizing heat from the water and oil for heating the interior of an automobile body.

It is fully recognized by those skilled in the art that with automobile' engines of present design, theinternal temperature of the motor is very high which causes rapid heating of the lubricating oil to a high temperature, which materially decreases the viscosity and lubricating qualities of the oil. It is also known that lduring cold weather automobile lubricatingoils tend to congeal so that the oils will not circulate freely upon the initial starting of the engine. Accordingly, one object of my invention is to provide novel and improved means for quickly heating the oil in an internal combustion engine by the water in the engine cooling system upon starting of the engine, and to maintain the oil at a temperature as nearly as possible the same as the temperature of the water during operation of the engine, which is a satisfactory operating temperature for the oil.

It is a well known fact that oil requires a longer time for heating or cooling than does water, and it is another object of my invention to provide novel and improved means for breaking up or producing a turbulence in the oil current to facilitate the transfer of heat between theoil and the water.

Further objects are to provide novel and improved means lor causing the oil to be subjected to the cooling or warming action of the water for a period of time sufcient to permit the transfer of heat between the oil and water and as nearly as possible equalize the temperatures of the oil and water; and to provide a compact, simple, novel and improved means including fluid passages having a large area of heat-exchanging contact with each other to ensure a quick and enicient heat transfer.

Another object is to provide novelv and improved means for utilizing the heat generated in the water and oil for warming the air on the interior of an automobile body. 4

Other objects are to provide an oil temperature control apparatus of the general character described, including a novel and improved construction and combination of conduits or passages for two fluids, for example water and oil, arranged in heatexchanging relation, and means in one passage or conduit, for example the oil passage, contacting with the walls of the other passage for conducting heat to or from the fluid in the rstmentioned passage from or to the fluid in the second-mentioned passage, and for breaking up or creating a turbulence in the fluid or oil current and retarding the flow of the fiuid or oil; to provid in such apparatus substantially concentric oil and water conduitsv arranged in nested relation, and a helical 1in, vane or baille within the oil conduit for creating turbulence in the oil current and retarding flow of the oil; to provide apparatus of this character which shall be simple and relatively inexpensive in construction and reliable and durable in operation; and to obtain other advantages and results as will be brought out by the following description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which corresponding and like parts are designated throughout the several views by the same reference characters,

' Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional View through an oil temperature controlling apparatus embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional View, on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a modified form of the invention;

Figure 4 is a similar view of another modification of the invention;

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional View, on the line 5 5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 isa vertical longitudinal sectional View through a combined oil temperature control apparatus and automobile heater;

Figure 7 is a side elevation of the apparatus shown in Figure 6, illustrating the manner of mounting the same on an. automobile, and

Figure 8 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view, on the line 8-801 Figure 7.

Specifically describing the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the apparatus comprises a'cylindrical casing 1 having nipples 2 at its ends for,connec tion in a uid pipe line 3, for example the water circulating system of an automobile engine. A head member 4 is mounted at one end of the casing diametrically thereof, said member having two tubes 5 secured therein and passing. therethrough substantially parallel to the axis of the casing, said tubes being connected at their other ends by another head or tie member 6 through which the tubes also pass. Surrounding each of ing the flow of fluid through said pipes.

the tubes 5 in spaced relation thereto and mounted in the members 4 and 6, is a pipe 7, and the end of each of the pipes 7 in the member 4 communicates through a passage 8 with a pipe 9 by which a fluid, for example oil, may be supplied to the interior of the pipes 7. The other ends of the pipes 7 are in communication through a passage 10 in the tie member 6.

With this construction, water or other fluid in the pipe line 3 may pass through the casing 1, around the pipes 7 and through the tubes 5 from one end of the casing to the other, and oil or other fluid may be circulated through the pipes 7 around the tubes 5 from one pipe 9 through the passage 10 to the other pipe 9.

For increasing the area of the heat-exchanging surfaces, creating a turbulence in the fluid current through the pipes 7 and retarding flow of the fluid in said pipes,'I have shown a helical Vane, iin or baffle 11 extending longitudinally in each of the pipes 7, and contacting with or in closely spaced relation to the interior of said pipe and contacting or integral with the exterior of the tube 5. Upon flow of a fluid under pressure through the pipes 7, the helical fins 11 conduct heat between the oil and the walls of the pipes 7 and tubes 5, produce a swirling and turbulent action in the fluid so as to cause intimate contact of all portions of the fluid stream with the Walls of the pipes 7 and tubes 5, and retard the flow of fluid, so that sumcient area of heat-exchanging surface is provided and adequate time is allowed for the transfer of heat between the fluid in the pipes 7 and the fluid outside said pipes and in the tubes 5, whereby the temperatures of the two fluids may be as nearly as possible equalized in a short period of time.

A modification of the invention is shown in Figure 3 of the drawings where the apparatus includes a cylindrical casing 12 closed at one end by a plug or head 13 and at the other end by a cap 14. The plug 13 and cap 14 have respective nipples 15 and 16 for connection to a fluid circuit, for example the water cooling system of an automobile engine. Mounted in the plug 13 and extending longitudinally of the casing 12 are two tubes 17 which communicate at one end with the passage through the nipple 15 .and communicate at their other ends with the interior of the casing 12 through a head or tie member 18. A pipe 19 surrounds each of the tubes 5 in spaced relation thereto, and has one end connected to the plug 13 and its other end secured in the tie member 18. Each pipe 19 may be connected at the end mounted in the plug 13, through a passage 20, with a pipe 2l through which a fluid, for example oil, may be introduced into the pipes 19. The other ends of the pipes 19 communicate with each other through a passage 22 in the tie member 18.

' through one pipe 2l, then flow through the passage 22 into the other pipe 19 and from the latter outwardly through the other pipe 21.

A helical iin, vane or vbafile 23 may be arranged within each of the pipes 19 between said pipes and the tubes 17 for creating a turbulence in the fluid current through the pipes 19 and for retard- These bailles 23 have the same function and operate in the same manner as do the vanes l1 above described.

Figures 4 and 5 show another form of the invention. Here the apparatus comprises two heads 24 and 25 in which are mounted and through which pass tubes 26. Each of the tubes 26 is surrounded by a pipe 27 which has one end connected to one head 24 and the other end connected to the head 25. One end of each of the pipes 27 may be connected through a passage 28 in the head 24 with one of two pipes 29; and the other ends of the pipes 27 communicate with each other through a passage 30 in the head 25. This apparatus may be installed within a casing or conduit, or may be set up in the open air, and one uid, for example oil, may be caused to circulate through the pipes 27 and 29, while another fluid, for example atmospheric air, may circulate around the pipes 27 and through the tubes 26. If desired, the water from the engine cooling system may be passed through the tubes 26 for the purpose of initially heating the oil in the pipes 27, and the air or fluid outside the pipes 27 may cooperate with the water in said pipes to maintain the oil at the desired working temperature.

Within each of the pipes 27 is shown a helical iin or barile 31 corresponding to the fin or baffle 11, and preferably the pipes 27 have exterior fins 32 for facilitating the transfer of heat to or from said pipes.

Another feature of my invention is to utilize the heat from the oil, water or other fluids passing through the apparatus above described, for heating the interior of an automobile body or for heating air or other uids for other purposes. An apparatus for accomplishing this result is shown in Figures 6 to 8, inclusive. This apparatus includes a casing 35 corresponding to the casing 12 shown in Figure 3, and having mounted therein pipes 36 in which are arranged tubes 37, these pipes and tubes being mounted in the casing and in relation to each other substantially as are the pipes 19 and tubes 17 arranged in the casing l2, shown in Figure 3. A fluid, for example oil from an internal combustion engine, may be supplied to the pipes 36 by pipes 38, and another fluid, for example water from the water cooling system of an internal combustion engine, may be supplied to the tubes 37 and casing 35 through a pipe 39. The water or other fluid may be taken from the casing 35 through an outlet nipple 40. As shown in the drawings, one pipe 38 is connected to the oil pump A of an internal combustion engine B, While the other pipe 38 is connected to some point in the oil circuit through the engine. The pipe 39 is shownas connected to the return side o'f the water cooling system, while the nipple 40 has connected thereto one end of a helically coiled tube 41 which surrounds the casing 35 and has its other end connected by a pipe 42 to the outlet side of the water cooling system.

The heating coil 41 and casing 35 are enclosed within a housing 43, and the whole apparatus may be mounted on the engine side of the dashboard C of an automobile body. The housing 43 has an inlet pipe 44 through which air is supplied to the lower end of the housing from the interior of the automobile body by a suitable motor-driven pump, for example a centrifugal pump 45. The housing 43 has an outlet 46 leading through the dashboard C into the automobile body, so that a circulation of air from the automobile body, through the housing 43 around the heating coil 41, and back tothe automobile body through the outlet 46, is provided.

It will be-underst'ood by those skilled in the 150 .create a turbulence in the uid current and a 'tortuous path of flow for the fluid.

art that the hot oil or other fluid passing through the pipes 36 will be cooled by the water in the casing 35 and tubes 37, and the water will become heated both from the engine and from the oil. Accordingly, heat will be radiated from the casing 35 and the heating coil 41, and will be absorbedby the air current flowing through the housing from the inlet 44 to the outlet 46. The air will thus become heated and serve to warm the interior of the automobile body. It will also be observed that the air circulating through the housing 43 around the coil 41 and casing 35 will have a tendency to cool the water within the coil and the casing so as to cooperate with the usual radiator of an automobile to reduce the temperature of the water.

Should it be desired to throw the heating coil 41 out of operation, it is merely necessary to disconnect the upper end of the heating coil from the nipple 40, and to connect the pipe 42 directly to said nipple.

In all forms of the apparatus, it will be observed that the oil passages are substantially annular in cross-section, and also generally in the form of a helical coil, and the water contacts with a large area of the walls of the oil passages so that a rapid transfer of heat between the oil and the water is ensured.

While I have shown and described the inven-` tion as embodied in certain details of construction, it should be understood that this is primarily for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention, and that many modillcations and changes maybe made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is:

1. An oil temperature control apparatus, comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, a pipe arranged therein in spaced relation to the walls thereof and closed at both ends, and a tube having an opening therethrough arranged within said pipe to form a passage between said tube and said pipe, said passage having an inlet for supplying fluid to said passage from outside said casing and an outlet from said passage to the exterior of said casing, whereby one fluid may flow through said casing and said tube and another fluid may flow through said passage between said pipe and said tube to effect a heat exchange between said fluids, and a conduit surrounding said casing and connected at one end to the outlet` thereof.

2. An oil temperature control apparatus, cornprising a casing having an outlet, a pipe arranged therein in spaced relation to the walls thereof and closed at both ends, a tube arranged in said pipe to form a passage therebetween, said tube serving as a fluid inlet for said casing and said passage having an inlet for supplying fluid to said passage from outside said casing, and an outlet from said passage to the exterior of said casing, whereby one fluid may flow through said tube into said casing and another fluid may flow through said passage between the tube and the pipe to effect a heat exchange between said fluids, and a conduit surrounding said casing and connected at one end to the outlet thereof.

3. The apparatus set forth in claim 1, with the addition of a baille in said passage to create a turbulence in the fluid current. 4. The apparatus set forth in claim 1, with the addition of a helical baille in said passage to 5. The apparatus set forth in claim 2, with the addition of a baille in said passage to create a turbulence in the fluid current.

6. The apparatus set forth in claim 2, with the addition of a helical baille in said passage to create a turbulence in the fluid current and a tortuous path of flow for the fluid.

7. An oil temperature control apparatus, comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet,

a plurality of pipes mounted in said casing in spaced relation to the walls thereof and each closed at both ends, and a tube having an opening therethrough arranged within each of said pipes to form a passage between said tube and said pipe, said passages intercommunicating to provide a continuous conduit and said conduit having an inlet at one end for supplying a fluid to said conduit from outside said casing and an outlet from the other end to the exterior of said casing, whereby one fluid may flow through said casing and said tubes and another fluid may flow through said conduit between said pipes and said tubes to effect a heat exchange between said fluids.

8. An oil temperature control apparatus, comprising a plurality of parallel pipes, heads connecting said pipes together at their ends and closing both ends of each pipe, and a tube within each pipe and opening through each head and forming a passage between itself and said pipe, said passages intercommunicating through said heads to form a continuous conduit and said conduit having an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end.

9. The apparatus set forth in claim '7, with the addition of a helical baille in each of said passages and contacting with said tube.

10. The apparatus set forth in claim 8, with the addition of a helical baille in each of said passages and contacting with said tube.

11. The apparatus set forth in claim 1, with the addition of a helical baille in said passage to create a turbulence in the fluid current and a tortuous path of flow for the fluid, said helical baille contacting with both said pipe and said tube to conduct heat from or to the fluid in said l passage to or from both said pipe and said tube.

12. The apparatus set forth in claim 2, with the addition of a helical baille in said passage to create a turbulence in the fluid current and a tortuous path of flow for the fluid, said helical baille contacting with both said pipe and said tube to conduct heat from or to the fluid in said 3 passage to or from both said pipe and said tube. 1 0

13. The combination set forth in claim 7, with the addition of a helical coil surrounding said casing and having one end connected to said outlet of the casing, a housing surrounding said 135 helical coil and said casing having an inlet and an outlet, and means for causing a circulation of a fluid through said housing from said inlet to said outlet.

v14. The combination set forth in claim 7, with the addition of a housing surrounding said casing in spaced relation thereto and having an inlet and an outlet, and means for causing a circulation of a fluid through said housing from said inlet to said outlet.

15. The oil temperature control apparatus set forth in claim 9 with the addition of a casing wherein said pipes and heads are arranged with one head connected to the casing for supporting said pipes therein, said casing having an inlet 150 lzo and an outlet and said tubes communicating with said casing.

16. An oil temperature control apparatus, comprising a casing having a head at one end and an inlet and an outlet, a pipe arranged in said casing in spaced relation to the walls thereof with `one end mounted on and closed by said head, a head closing the other end of said pipe, and a tube mounted in said heads and opening therethrough and arranged within said pipe to form a passage between said tube and said pipe, said passage having an inlet for supplying fluid to said passage from outside said casing and an outlet from said passage to the exterior of said casing, whereby one fluid may iiow through said casing and said tube and another fluid may flow through said passage between said pipe and said tube to effect a heat exchange between said fluids.

17. The heat exchanging combination of two hot liquid circuits of varying temperatures and an air circuit, including means for bringing the liquid ofI one circuit and the liquid of another circuit into heat exchanging relation to each other and so that heat from both said liquids is radiated by said means, an air conduit surrounding said means having an inlet and an outlet,

circuits for uids of varying temperatures, in-

cluding a conduit for one fluid, a second conduit for another fluid surrounding the first conduit in direct heat exchanging relation thereto, and a third conduit for the third fluid surrounding the second conduit so that heat from the latter will be radiated into the former, and means for causing a flow of uid through said third conduit.

19. The heat exchanging combination of three circuits for fluids of varying temperatures, including a conduit for one fluid, a second conduit for another fluid surrounding the first conduit in direct heat exchanging relation thereto, a heli--v cal coil surrounding the second conduit and connected at one end thereto, a housing surrounding said second conduit and said helical coil and having an inlet and an outlet, and means for causing a flow of another uid through said housing in contact with said second conduit and said helical coil.

JOSEPH HOLLE.

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